UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
(RULE 14a-101)
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROXY STATEMENT
SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the
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PACIFIC OAK STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY REIT, INC.
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(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
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11150 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 400
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Proxy Statement and
Notice of 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
To Be Held February 18, 2020
SOLICITATION OF PROXIES BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Dear Stockholder:
On Tuesday, February 18, 2020, at 9:00 a.m. Pacific Time, Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT, Inc. (“we” or “us”) will hold our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders. This year’s meeting will be a completely “virtual meeting” of stockholders which will be held via live webcast at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/POSO2020.
We are holding the 2019 annual meeting of stockholders for the following purposes:
1. | To elect five directors to hold office for one-year terms expiring in 2019. The board of directors recommends a vote FOR each nominee. |
2. | To ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. The board of directors recommends a vote FOR the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. |
In addition, we will attend to such other business as may properly come before the annual meeting and any adjournment or postponement thereof. The board of directors does not know of any matters that may be voted upon at the annual meeting other than the matters set forth above.
The board of directors has selected November 20, 2019 as the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting. To participate in the annual meeting via live webcast, you will need the 16-digit control number included on your proxy card and on the instructions that accompany your proxy materials. The annual meeting will begin promptly at 9:00 a.m. Pacific Time. Online check-in will begin at 8:30 a.m. Pacific Time. Please allow ample time for the online check-in procedures.
Holding the annual meeting via live webcast allows us to communicate more effectively with more of our stockholders. On our pre-meeting forum at www.proxyvote.com, you can access copies of proxy materials and vote.
The proxy statement, proxy card and our 2018 annual report to stockholders are being mailed to you on or about November 22, 2019.
Whether you plan to attend the annual meeting and vote via webcast or not, we urge you to have your vote recorded as early as possible. Stockholders have the following three options for submitting their votes by proxy: (1) via the Internet; (2) by telephone; or (3) by mail, using the enclosed proxy card.
YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT! Your immediate response will help avoid potential delays and may save us significant additional expenses associated with soliciting stockholder votes.
IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE 2019 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON FEBRUARY 18, 2020:
Our proxy statement, form of proxy card and 2018 annual report to stockholders are also available at www.proxyvote.com, and can be accessed by using the 16-digit control number and following the instructions located on the enclosed proxy card. |
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By Order of the Board of Directors
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Michael A. Bender
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Secretary
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Los Angeles, California
November 22, 2019
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING
Q: | Why did you send me the proxy materials? |
A: | You owned shares of record of our common stock at the close of business on November 20, 2019, the record date for the 2019 annual meeting of stockholders and, therefore, are entitled to vote at the annual meeting. The board of directors is soliciting your proxy to vote your shares at the annual meeting. This proxy statement includes information that we are required to provide to you under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and is designed to assist you in voting. You do not need to participate in the annual meeting via live webcast in order to vote. |
Q: | What is a proxy? |
A: | A proxy is a person who votes the shares of stock of another person who could not attend a meeting. The term “proxy” also refers to the proxy card or other method of appointing a proxy. When you submit your proxy, you are appointing Keith D. Hall, Peter McMillan III, and Michael A. Bender, each of whom is one of our officers, as your proxies, and you are giving them permission to vote your shares of common stock at the annual meeting. The appointed proxies will vote your shares of common stock as you instruct, unless you submit your proxy without instructions. If you submit your proxy without instructions, they will vote: |
(1) | FOR all of the director nominees, and |
(2) | FOR the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. |
With respect to any other proposals to be voted upon, the appointed proxies will vote in accordance with the recommendation of the board of directors or, in the absence of such a recommendation, in their discretion. It is important for you to submit your proxy via the Internet, by telephone or by returning return your paper proxy card to us as soon as possible, whether or not you plan on attending the annual meeting.
Q: | When is the annual meeting and where will it be held? |
A: | The annual meeting will be held on Tuesday, February 18, 2020, at 9:00 a.m. Pacific Time. This year’s meeting will be a completely “virtual meeting” of stockholders which will be held via live webcast at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/POSO2020. |
To participate in the annual meeting via live webcast, you will need the 16-digit control number included on your proxy card and on the instructions that accompany your proxy materials. The annual meeting will begin promptly at 9:00 a.m. Pacific Time. Online check-in will begin at 8:30 a.m. Pacific Time. Please allow ample time for the online check-in procedures.
Q: | Who is entitled to vote at the annual meeting? |
A: | Anyone who is a stockholder of record at the close of business on November 20, 2019, the record date, or holds a valid proxy for the annual meeting, is entitled to vote at the annual meeting. |
Note that Willowbrook Capital Group LLC, which owned 511,927 shares of our common stock as of the record date, will abstain from voting any shares in any vote for the election of directors. Willowbrook Capital Group is directly owned and controlled by Peter McMillan III and Keith D. Hall is affiliated with Willowbrook Capital Group. Messrs. McMillan and Hall are two of our executive officers and two of our directors.
Q: | Will my vote make a difference? |
A: | Yes. Your vote could affect the proposals described in this proxy statement. Moreover, your vote is needed to ensure that the proposals described herein can be acted upon. Because we are a widely held company, YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT! Your immediate response will help avoid potential delays and may save us significant additional expenses associated with soliciting stockholder votes. |
Q: | How many shares of common stock are outstanding? |
A: | As of November 20, 2019, there were 66,081,167 shares of our common stock outstanding and entitled to be cast at the annual meeting. However, as stated above, Willowbrook Capital Group LLC will abstain from voting its shares in any vote for the election of directors. |
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Q: | What constitutes a quorum? |
A: | A quorum consists of the presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at the annual meeting. There must be a quorum present in order for the annual meeting to be a duly held meeting at which business can be conducted. No business may be conducted at the annual meeting if a quorum is not present. If you submit your proxy, even if you abstain from voting, then you will still be considered part of the quorum. |
If a quorum is not present at the annual meeting, the chairman of the meeting may adjourn the annual meeting to another date, time or place, not later than 120 days after the original record date of November 20, 2019. Notice need not be given of the new date, time or place if announced at the annual meeting before an adjournment is taken.
Q: | How many votes do I have? |
A: | You are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock you held as of the record date. |
Q: | What may I vote on? |
A: | You may vote on: |
(1) | the election of the nominees to serve on the board of directors; and |
(2) | the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. |
In addition, you may vote on such other business as may properly come before the annual meeting and any adjournment or postponement thereof.
Q: | How does the board of directors recommend I vote on the proposals? |
A: | The board of directors recommends that you vote: |
(1) | FOR each of the nominees for election as director who is named in this proxy statement; and |
(2) | FOR the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. |
Q: | How can I vote? |
A: | Stockholders have the following three options for submitting their votes by proxy: |
• | via the Internet, by accessing the website and following the instructions indicated on the enclosed proxy card; |
• | by telephone, by calling the telephone number and following the instructions indicated on the enclosed proxy card; or |
• | by mail, by completing, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card. |
For those stockholders with Internet access, we encourage you to vote by proxy via the Internet, since it is quick, convenient and provides a cost savings to us. When you vote by proxy via the Internet or by telephone prior to the annual meeting date, your vote is recorded immediately and there is no risk that postal delays will cause your vote to arrive late and, therefore, not be counted. For further instructions on voting, see the enclosed proxy card. Voting via the Internet is permitted under Section 2-507(c)(3) of the Maryland General Corporation Law.
If you elect to participate in the annual meeting via live webcast, as described above under “When is the annual meeting and where will it be held?”, you can vote online during the annual meeting prior to the closing of the polls, and any previous votes that you submitted, whether by Internet, telephone or mail, will be superseded.
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Q: | What if I submit my proxy and then change my mind? |
A: | You have the right to revoke your proxy at any time before the annual meeting by: |
(1) | notifying Michael A. Bender, our Secretary; |
(2) | returning another proxy card dated after your first proxy card, if we receive it before the annual meeting date; |
(3) | recasting your proxy vote via the Internet or by telephone; or |
(4) | participating in the annual meeting via live webcast and voting online during the annual meeting prior to the closing of the polls. |
Only the most recent proxy vote will be counted and all others will be discarded regardless of the method of voting. If a broker or other nominee holds your stock on your behalf, you must contact your broker, bank or other nominee to change your vote.
Q: | What are the voting requirements to elect the board of directors? |
A: | With regard to the election of directors, you may vote “FOR ALL” of the nominees, you may withhold your vote for all of the nominees by voting “WITHHOLD ALL” or you may vote for all of the nominees except for certain nominees by voting “FOR ALL EXCEPT” and listing the corresponding number of the nominee(s) for whom you want your vote withheld in the space provided on the proxy card. Under our charter, a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present is required for the election of the directors. This means that, of the shares present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting, a director nominee needs to receive affirmative votes from a majority of such shares in order to be elected to the board of directors. Because of this majority vote requirement, “withhold” votes and broker non-votes (discussed below) will have the effect of a vote against each nominee for director. If an incumbent director nominee fails to receive the required number of votes for reelection, then under Maryland law, he or she will continue to serve as a “holdover” director until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified. If you submit a proxy card with no further instructions, your shares will be voted FOR each of the nominees. |
Q: | What are the voting requirements for the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019? |
A: | With regard to the proposal relating to the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019, you may vote “FOR” or “AGAINST” the proposal, or you may “ABSTAIN” from voting on the proposal. Under our bylaws, a majority of the votes cast at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present is required for the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. Abstentions will not count as votes actually cast with respect to determining if a majority vote is obtained under our bylaws and will have no effect on the determination of this proposal. If you submit a proxy card with no further instructions, your shares will be voted FOR the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. |
Q: | What is a “broker non-vote”? |
A: | A “broker non-vote” occurs when a broker holding stock on behalf of a beneficial owner submits a proxy but does not vote on a particular proposal because the broker does not have discretionary voting power with respect to that particular proposal and has not received instructions from the beneficial owner. There is one proposal for our stockholders’ consideration at the annual meeting on which brokers do not have discretionary voting power, which is the election of directors. Thus, beneficial owners of shares held in broker accounts are advised that, if they do not timely provide instructions to their broker, their shares will not be voted in connection with the election of directors at the annual meeting. However, even without such instructions, the shares of beneficial owners will be treated as present for the purpose of establishing a quorum if the broker votes such shares on the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019, which proposal is a routine matter with respect to which brokers have discretionary authority to vote. |
Your broker will send you information to instruct it on how to vote on your behalf. If you do not receive a voting instruction card from your broker, please contact your broker promptly to obtain a voting
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instruction card. Your vote is important to the success of the proposals. We encourage all of our stockholders whose shares are held by a broker to provide their brokers with instructions on how to vote.
Q: | How will voting on any other business be conducted? |
A: | Although we do not know of any business to be considered at the annual meeting other than the proposals describe herein, if any other business is properly presented at the annual meeting, your submitted proxy gives authority to Keith D. Hall, Peter McMillan III, and Michael A. Bender, and each of them, to vote on such matters in accordance with the recommendation of the board of directors or, in the absence of such a recommendation, in their discretion. |
Q: | When are the director nominations and stockholder proposals for the next annual meeting of stockholders due? |
A: | Any proposals by stockholders for inclusion in proxy solicitation material for the 2020 annual meeting of stockholders must be received by our secretary, Michael A. Bender, at our executive offices no later than July 25, 2020. However, if we hold the annual meeting before January 19, 2021 or after March 20, 2021, stockholders must submit proposals for inclusion in our 2020 proxy statement within a reasonable time before we begin to print our proxy materials. The mailing address of our executive offices is Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT, Inc., 11150 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 400, Los Angeles, California 90025. If a stockholder wishes to present a proposal at the 2020 annual meeting, whether or not the proposal is intended to be included in the 2020 proxy materials, our bylaws require that the stockholder give advance written notice to our secretary by August 24, 2020. |
Q: | How are proxies being solicited? |
A: | In addition to mailing proxy solicitation materials, our directors and employees of our advisor or its affiliates may also solicit proxies at the annual meeting via live webcast, via the Internet, by telephone or by any other electronic means of communication we deem appropriate. Additionally, we have retained Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”), a proxy solicitation firm, to assist us in the proxy solicitation process. |
Our directors and employees of our advisor or its affiliates will not be paid any additional compensation for soliciting proxies. We will pay all of the costs of soliciting these proxies, including the cost of Broadridge’s services. We anticipate that, for Broadridge’s solicitation services, we will pay approximately $12,500, plus reimbursement of Broadridge’s out-of-pocket expenses. We will also reimburse brokerage houses and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses for forwarding proxy and solicitation materials to you.
Q: | What should I do if I receive more than one set of voting materials for the annual meeting? |
A: | You may receive more than one set of voting materials for the annual meeting, including multiple copies of this proxy statement and multiple proxy cards or voting instruction forms. For example, if you hold your shares in more than one brokerage account, you will receive a separate voting instruction form for each brokerage account in which you hold shares. If you are a holder of record and your shares are registered in more than one name, you will receive more than one proxy card and voting instruction form. For each and every proxy card and voting instruction form that you receive, please authorize a proxy as soon as possible using one of the following methods: |
(1) | via the Internet, by accessing the website and following the instructions indicated on the enclosed proxy card; |
(2) | by telephone, by calling the telephone number and following the instructions indicated on the enclosed proxy card; or |
(3) | by mail, by completing, signing, dating and returning the proxy card you should have received with the paper copy of our proxy materials. |
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Q: | What should I do if only one set of voting materials for the annual meeting is sent and there are multiple stockholders in my household? |
A: | Some banks, brokers and other nominee record holders may be participating in the practice of “householding” proxy statements and annual reports. This means that only one copy of this proxy statement may have been sent to multiple stockholders in your household. We will promptly deliver a separate copy of this proxy statement to you if you contact us at (424) 208-8100. |
Q: | How can I find out the results of the voting at the annual meeting? |
A: | We will file a Current Report on Form 8-K within four business days after the annual meeting to announce voting results. If final voting results are unavailable at that time, we will file an amended Current Report on Form 8-K within four business days of the day the final results are available. |
Q: | Who can help answer my questions? |
A: | If you have any questions about the annual meeting, the election of directors or the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm, how to submit your proxy, or if you need additional copies of this proxy statement or the paper proxy card or voting instructions, you should contact us or Broadridge. |
Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT, Inc.
Pacific Oak, 11150 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 400 Los Angeles, California 90025 (424) 208-8100 Attn: Client Services |
Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc.
51 Mercedes Way Edgewood NY 11717 (800) 574-5962 |
Q: | Where can I find more information? |
A: | We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any reports, statements or other information we file with the SEC on the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov. |
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CERTAIN INFORMATION ABOUT MANAGEMENT
The Board of Directors
We operate under the direction of the board of directors. The board of directors oversees our operations and makes all major decisions concerning our business. During 2018, the board of directors held eight meetings, participated in one joint meeting with the conflicts committee, acted by unanimous consent on eight occasions and acted by joint unanimous consent with the conflicts committee on four occasions. For biographical information regarding our directors, see “ – Executive Officers and Directors.”
There are two permanent committees of the board of directors: the audit committee and the conflicts committee. Information regarding each of these committees is set forth below. We also created a special committee in connection with our consideration of certain strategic alternatives, including our proposed conversion into a perpetual life NAV REIT.
Board Leadership Structure
The board of directors is composed of two of our executive officers, Keith D. Hall and Peter McMillan III, and three independent directors. The board composition and the corporate governance provisions in our charter ensure strong oversight by independent directors. The board of directors’ two permanent committees, the audit committee and the conflicts committee, are composed entirely of independent directors. Since our inception in 2008, we have operated under a board leadership structure with separate roles for our Chairman of the Board and our Chief Executive Officer. The board of directors is led by Mr. McMillan, who has served as Chairman of the Board since 2008. Mr. McMillan, as the Chairman of the Board, is responsible for presiding over the meetings of the board of directors and the annual meetings of stockholders, generally setting the agendas for board meetings (subject to the requests of other directors) and providing information to the other directors in advance of meetings and between meetings. Mr. Hall, as our Chief Executive Officer, is responsible for the general management of the business, financial affairs and day-to-day operations of our company. We believe it is beneficial to have a Chairman of the Board whose focus is to lead the board and facilitate communication among directors and management. We believe this structure, of not combining the roles of the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer, is the best governance model for our company and our stockholders. We do not currently have a policy requiring the appointment of a lead independent director as all of our independent directors are actively involved in board meetings.
The Role of the Board of Directors in our Risk Oversight Process
Our executive officers and our advisor are responsible for the day-to-day management of risks we face, while the board of directors, as a whole and through its committees, has responsibility for the oversight of risk management. No less than quarterly, the entire board of directors reviews information regarding our liquidity, credit, operations, regulatory compliance and compliance with covenants in our material agreements, as well as the risks associated with each. In addition, each year the board of directors reviews significant variances between our current portfolio business plan and our original underwriting analysis and each quarter the directors review significant variances between our current results and our projections from the prior quarter, review all significant changes to our projections for future periods and discuss risks related to our portfolio. The audit committee oversees risk management in the areas of financial reporting, internal controls and compliance with legal and regulatory requirements. The conflicts committee manages risks associated with the independence of the independent directors and potential conflicts of interest involving our advisor and its affiliates. Although each committee is responsible for evaluating certain risks and overseeing the management of such risks, the entire board of directors is regularly informed through committee reports about such risks as well as through regular reports directly from the executive officers responsible for oversight of particular risks to us.
Director Independence
Although our shares are not listed for trading on any national securities exchange, a majority of the directors, and all of the members of the audit committee and the conflicts committee, are “independent” as defined by the New York Stock Exchange. The board of directors determined that each of William M. Petak, Eric J. Smith and Kenneth G. Yee satisfies the bright-line criteria and that none has a relationship with us that would interfere with such person’s ability to exercise independent judgment as a member of the board of directors. None of these directors has ever
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served as (or is related to) an employee of ours or any of our predecessors or acquired companies or received or earned any compensation from us or any such other entities except for compensation directly related to service as a director of us. Therefore, we believe that all of these directors are independent directors.
The Audit Committee
General
The audit committee’s function is to assist the board of directors in fulfilling its responsibilities by overseeing (i) our accounting and financial reporting processes, (ii) the integrity of our financial statements, (iii) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (iv) our independent auditors’ qualifications, performance and independence, and (v) the performance of our internal audit function. The audit committee fulfills these responsibilities primarily by carrying out the activities enumerated in the audit committee charter. The audit committee approved the audit committee charter in August 2010. The audit committee charter is available on our website at www.sorinvinfo.com.
The members of the audit committee are Kenneth G. Yee (Chairman), William M. Petak and Eric J. Smith. All of the members of the audit committee are “independent” as defined by the New York Stock Exchange. The board of directors has determined that all members of the audit committee have significant financial and/or accounting experience, and the board of directors has determined that Mr. Yee satisfies the SEC’s requirements for an “audit committee financial expert.” During 2018, the audit committee held five meetings.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
During the year ended December 31, 2018, Ernst & Young LLP served as our independent registered public accounting firm and provided certain tax and other services. Ernst & Young has served as our independent registered public accounting firm since our formation. We expect that Ernst & Young representatives will be present at the annual meeting and they will have the opportunity to make a statement if they desire to do so. In addition, we expect that the Ernst & Young representatives will be available to respond to appropriate questions posed by stockholders. The audit committee has engaged Ernst & Young as our independent registered public accounting firm to audit our financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2019. The audit committee may, however, select a new independent registered public accounting firm at any time in the future in its discretion if it deems such decision to be in our best interest. Any such decision would be disclosed to our stockholders in accordance with applicable securities laws.
Pre-Approval Policies
In order to ensure that the provision of such services does not impair the independent registered public accounting firm’s independence, the audit committee charter imposes a duty on the audit committee to pre-approve all auditing services performed for us by our independent registered public accounting firm, as well as all permitted non-audit services. In determining whether or not to pre-approve services, the audit committee considers whether the service is a permissible service under the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC. The audit committee may, in its discretion, delegate to one or more of its members the authority to pre-approve any audit or non-audit services to be performed by our independent registered public accounting firm, provided any such approval is presented to and approved by the full audit committee at its next scheduled meeting.
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, all services rendered by Ernst & Young were pre-approved in accordance with the policies and procedures described above.
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Principal Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Fees
The audit committee reviewed the audit and non-audit services performed by Ernst & Young, as well as the fees charged by Ernst & Young for such services. In its review of the non-audit service fees, the audit committee considered whether the provision of such services is compatible with maintaining the independence of Ernst & Young. The aggregate fees billed to us for professional accounting services, including the audit of our annual financial statements by Ernst & Young for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, are set forth in the table below.
2018 |
2017 |
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Audit fees |
$ | 652,000 | $ | 637,000 | ||
Audit-related fees |
497,000 | 390,000 | ||||
Tax fees |
311,000 | 459,000 | ||||
All other fees |
2,000 | 1,000 | ||||
Total |
$ | 1,462,000 | $ | 1,487,000 |
For purposes of the preceding table, Ernst & Young’s professional fees are classified as follows:
• | Audit fees – These are fees for professional services performed for the audit of our annual financial statements and the required review of quarterly financial statements and other procedures performed by Ernst & Young in order for them to be able to form an opinion on our consolidated financial statements. These fees also cover services that are normally provided by independent registered public accounting firms in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. |
• | Audit-related fees – These are fees for assurance and related services that traditionally are performed by independent registered public accounting firms that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements, such as due diligence related to acquisitions and dispositions, attestation services that are not required by statute or regulation, internal control reviews and consultation concerning financial accounting and reporting standards. |
• | Tax fees – These are fees for all professional services performed by professional staff in our independent registered public accounting firm’s tax division, except those services related to the audit of our financial statements. These include fees for tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice, including federal, state and local issues. Services may also include assistance with tax audits and appeals before the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and similar state and local agencies, as well as federal, state and local tax issues related to due diligence. |
• | All other fees – These are fees for any services not included in the above-described categories. |
Report of the Audit Committee
The function of the audit committee is oversight of the financial reporting process on behalf of the board of directors. Management has responsibility for the financial reporting process, including the system of internal control over financial reporting, and for the preparation, presentation and integrity of our financial statements. In addition, the independent registered public accounting firm devotes more time and has access to more information than does the audit committee. Membership on the audit committee does not call for the professional training and technical skills generally associated with career professionals in the field of accounting and auditing. Accordingly, in fulfilling their responsibilities, it is recognized that members of the audit committee are not, and do not represent themselves to be, performing the functions of auditors or accountants.
In this context, the audit committee reviewed and discussed the 2018 audited financial statements with management, including a discussion of the quality and acceptability of our financial reporting, the reasonableness of significant judgments and the clarity of disclosures in the financial statements. The audit committee discussed with Ernst & Young, which is responsible for expressing an opinion on the conformity of those audited financial statements with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the matters required to be discussed by AS 1301, “Communications with Audit Committees,” as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. The audit committee received from Ernst & Young the written disclosures and the letter required by applicable
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requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding Ernst & Young’s communications with the audit committee concerning independence, and discussed with Ernst & Young their independence from us. In addition, the audit committee considered whether Ernst & Young’s provision of non-audit services is compatible with Ernst & Young’s independence.
Based on these reviews and discussions, the audit committee recommended to the board of directors that the audited financial statements be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for filing with the SEC.
November 19, 2019
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The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors:
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Kenneth G. Yee (Chairman), William M. Petak and Eric J. Smith
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The Conflicts Committee
General
The members of the conflicts committee are Eric J. Smith (Chairman), William M. Petak and Kenneth G. Yee all of whom are independent directors. Our charter empowers the conflicts committee to act on any matter permitted under Maryland law if the matter at issue is such that the exercise of independent judgment by directors who are affiliates of our advisor could reasonably be compromised. Among the duties of the conflicts committee are the following:
• | reviewing and reporting on our policies (see “ – Report of the Conflicts Committee – Review of Our Policies” below); |
• | approving transactions with affiliates and reporting on their fairness to us (see “ – Report of the Conflicts Committee – Certain Transactions with Related Persons” below); |
• | supervising and evaluating the performance and compensation of our advisor; |
• | reviewing our expenses and determining that they are reasonable and within the limits prescribed by our charter; |
• | approving borrowings in excess of the total liabilities limit set forth in our charter; and |
• | discharging the board of directors’ responsibilities relating to compensation. |
The primary responsibilities of the conflicts committee are enumerated in our charter. The conflicts committee does not have a separate committee charter. During 2018, the conflicts committee held fifteen meetings, participated in one joint meetings with the board of directors, acted by unanimous consent on five occasions and acted by joint unanimous consent with the board of directors on four occasions.
Oversight of Executive Compensation
As noted above, the conflicts committee discharges the board of directors’ responsibilities relating to the compensation of our executives. However, we currently do not have any paid employees and our executive officers do not receive any compensation directly from us. Our executive officers are officers and/or employees of, or hold an indirect ownership interest in, our advisor, and/or its affiliates, and our executive officers are compensated by these entities, in part, for their services to us or our subsidiaries. See “– Report of the Conflicts Committee – Certain Transactions with Related Persons” for a discussion of the fees paid to our advisor and its affiliates.
Our Policy Regarding Transactions with Related Persons
Our charter requires the conflicts committee to review and approve all transactions between us and our advisor, any of our officers or directors or any of their affiliates. Prior to entering into a transaction with a related party, a majority of the conflicts committee must conclude that the transaction is fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties. In addition, our Code of Conduct and Ethics lists examples of types of transactions with related parties that would create prohibited conflicts of interest and requires our officers and directors to be conscientious of actual and potential conflicts of interest with respect to our interests and to seek to avoid such conflicts or handle such conflicts in an ethical manner at all times consistent with applicable law. Our executive officers and directors are required to report potential and actual conflicts to the Compliance Officer or directly to the audit committee chair, as appropriate.
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Certain Transactions with Related Persons
The conflicts committee has reviewed the material transactions between our affiliates and us since the beginning of 2018 as well as any such currently proposed material transactions. Set forth below is a description of such transactions and the conflicts committee’s report on their fairness.
As described further below, we have entered into agreements with certain affiliates pursuant to which they provide services to us. Keith D. Hall and Peter McMillan III control and indirectly own Pacific Oak Holding Group, LLC, our sponsor since November 1, 2019. Pacific Oak Holding is the sole owner of Pacific Oak Capital Advisors, LLC, our advisor since November 1, 2019. Messrs. Hall and McMillan are also two of our executive officers and directors.
In addition, along with Charles J. Schreiber, Jr., Keith D. Hall and Peter McMillan III control and indirectly own KBS Holdings LLC, our sponsor prior to November 1, 2019. KBS Holdings is the sole owner of KBS Capital Advisors LLC, our advisor prior to November 1, 2019, and KBS Capital Markets Group LLC, the entity that acted as the dealer manager of our now-terminated primary initial public offering.
Our Relationship with KBS Capital Advisors. From our inception through October 31, 2019, KBS Capital Advisors provided day-to-day management of our business. Among the services provided by KBS Capital Advisors under the terms of the KBS Capital Advisors advisory agreement were the following:
• | finding, presenting and recommending investment opportunities to us consistent with our investment policies and objectives; |
• | making investment decisions for us, subject to the limitations in our charter and the direction and oversight of the board of directors; |
• | acquiring investments on our behalf; |
• | sourcing and structuring our loan originations; |
• | arranging for financing and refinancing of our investments; |
• | formulating and overseeing the implementation of strategies for the administration, promotion, management, operation, financing and refinancing, marketing, servicing and disposition of our investments; |
• | engaging and supervising our agents; |
• | performing administrative services and maintaining our accounting; and |
• | assisting us with our regulatory compliance. |
KBS Capital Advisors was subject to the supervision of the board of directors and only had such authority as we delegated to it as our agent. The advisory agreement had a one-year term subject to an unlimited number of successive one-year renewals upon the mutual consent of the parties. From January 1, 2018 through the most recent date practicable, which was September 30, 2019, we compensated our advisor as set forth below.
We incurred acquisition and origination fees payable to our advisor equal to 1.0% of the cost of investments acquired by us, or the amount funded by us to acquire or originate loans, including acquisition and origination expenses and any debt attributable to such investments. Acquisition and origination fees relate to services provided in connection with the selection and acquisition or origination of real estate and real estate-related investments. From January 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, our advisor and its affiliates incurred approximately $4.3 million of acquisition and origination fees.
In addition to acquisition and origination fees, we reimbursed our advisor for customary acquisition and origination expenses, whether or not we ultimately acquire the asset. From January 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, our advisor and its affiliates did not incur any such costs on our behalf.
For asset management services, we paid our advisor a monthly fee. With respect to investments in loans and any investments other than real property, the asset management fee was a monthly fee calculated, each month, as one-twelfth of 0.75% of the lesser of (i) the amount actually paid or allocated to acquire or fund the loan or other investment, inclusive of fees and expenses related thereto and the amount of any debt associated with or used to acquire or fund such investment and (ii) the outstanding principal amount of such loan or other investment, plus the
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fees and expenses related to the acquisition or funding of such investment, as of the time of calculation. With respect to investments in real property, the asset management fee was a monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 0.75% of the sum of the amount paid or allocated to acquire the investment, plus the cost of any subsequent development, construction or improvements to the property, and inclusive of fees and expenses related thereto and the amount of any debt associated with or used to acquire such investment. In the case of investments made through joint ventures, the asset management fee is determined based on our proportionate share of the underlying investment, inclusive of our proportionate share of any fees and expenses related thereto. From January 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, our asset management fees totaled $14.5 million.
Under the advisory agreement, our advisor and its affiliates had the right to seek reimbursement from us for all costs and expenses they incurred in connection with their provision of services to us, including our allocable share of our advisor’s overhead, such as rent, employee costs, utilities and information technology costs. Our advisor was permitted to seek reimbursement for employee costs under the advisory agreement. Commencing July 1, 2010, we have reimbursed our advisor for our allocable portion of the salaries, benefits and overhead of internal audit department personnel providing services to us. However. we did not reimburse our advisor or its affiliates for employee costs in connection with services for which our advisor earned acquisition, origination or disposition fees (other than reimbursement of travel and communication expenses) or for the salaries and benefits our advisor or its affiliates paid to our executive officers. From January 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, we reimbursed our advisor for an additional $0.7 million of operating expenses, including $0.5 million of employee costs.
For substantial assistance in connection with the sale of properties or other investments, we paid our advisor or its affiliates 1.0% of the contract sales price of each loan, debt-related security, real property or other investment sold (including residential or commercial mortgage-backed securities or collateralized debt obligations issued by a subsidiary of ours as part of a securitization transaction); provided, however, that if in connection with such disposition, commissions are paid to third parties unaffiliated with our advisor, the fee paid to our advisor and its affiliates could not exceed the commissions paid to such unaffiliated third parties, and provided further that the disposition fees paid to our advisor, its affiliates and unaffiliated third parties could not exceed 6.0% of the contract sales price. From January 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, we incurred approximately $3.1 million of disposition fees.
We and KBS Capital Advisors agreed to terminate our advisory agreement effective October 31, 2019. In connection with that agreement, we amended the terms of the subordinated performance fee due upon termination (the “Performance Fee”). As amended, the Performance Fee due to the advisor upon termination of the advisory agreement is payable in restricted stock units (“RSUs”) instead of a promissory note. The RSUs will be subject to the following terms and conditions: (i) the RSUs will be payable upon the completion of the orderly transition of advisor functions from the advisor to a new advisor or other management as measured by the completion and filing with the SEC of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2019; (ii) each RSU will represent the right to receive one share of our common stock; (iii) the total number of RSUs issued will equal the number of shares (with each share valued at our estimated per share net asset valuation approved by the our board of directors on November 12, 2018 (the “2018 NAV”)) with an aggregate value equal to the subordinated share of cash flows (as defined in the KBS Capital Advisors advisory agreement) based on a hypothetical liquidation of our assets and liabilities at their then-current estimated values used in the 2018 NAV calculation, less any potential amounts to be paid as closing costs and fees related to the disposition of real property; (iv) the total number of RSUs payable shall be calculated in good faith by the advisor and approved by the board of directors or a committee of the board of directors; (v) the RSUs shall vest on November 1, 2021; (vi) for each RSU payable, upon vesting, the advisor shall have the right to be paid with one share of our common stock, and may elect to receive up to 50% of such payment in cash rather than shares, with the amount of the cash payment determined based on the then most recent board of directors-approved net asset value of the shares (which shall not be more than six months old); (vii) each RSU shall, from October 31, 2019, accrue and be paid dividend equivalents equal to any distributions accrued on the shares from October 31, 2019 (any distributions accrued between October 31, 2019 and the RSU payment date will accrue retroactively and be paid on the later of the RSU payment date or the date our stockholders are paid the relevant distribution(s)); and (viii) any shares received upon vesting of RSUs shall not be eligible for redemption under our share redemption program unless we have satisfied all outstanding redemption requests from other stockholders provided that (a) this restriction may be waived in certain situations, such as upon a change of control of our company, as determined by the board of directors and (b) notwithstanding the foregoing, after November 1, 2024, we shall, upon request of the KBS Capital Advisors, be required to redeem any remaining outstanding shares received upon vesting of RSUs, separate and outside of any general stockholder share redemption program, at the then most
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recent board of directors-approved net asset value per share, provided that such outstanding shares are owned or controlled by Charles J. Schreiber, Jr. or the estate of Peter M. Bren, and provided further that pursuant to this clause (b) we shall only be required to redeem that number shares which, when added to any previously redeemed shares owned or controlled by Charles J. Schreiber, Jr. or the estate of Peter M. Bren, does not exceed two-thirds of the total number of shares delivered upon vesting of the RSUs (i.e. excluding any portion of the RSUs settled with cash upon vesting rather than shares pursuant to clause (vi) above).
Our Relationship with Pacific Oak Capital Advisors.
Effective November 1, 2019, we hired Pacific Oak Capital Advisors as our new external advisor. The terms of the advisory agreement are substantially the same as those of the KBS Capital Advisors advisory agreement, except that the performance fees were modified to take into account the performance fee due upon termination paid to our prior external advisor (the “Prior Advisor Performance Fee Value”), as shown below.
Subordinated Participation in Net Cash Flows (payable only if we are not listed on a national exchange)
After investors in our offerings have received, together as a collective group, aggregate distributions (including distributions that may constitute a return of capital for federal income tax purposes) sufficient to provide (i) a return of their net invested capital, or the amount calculated by multiplying the total number of shares purchased by stockholders by the issue price, reduced by any amounts to repurchase shares pursuant to our share redemption program, (ii) a 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return on such net invested capital, and (iii) the value of the Prior Advisor Performance Fee Value, the advisor is entitled to receive 15.0% of our net cash flows, whether from continuing operations, net sale proceeds or otherwise. Net sales proceeds means the net cash proceeds realized by us after deduction of all expenses incurred in connection with a sale, including disposition fees paid to Pacific Oak Capital Advisors. The 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return on net invested capital is calculated on a daily basis. In making this calculation, the net invested capital is reduced to the extent distributions in excess of a cumulative, noncompounded, annual return of 7.0% are paid (from whatever source), except to the extent such distributions would be required to supplement prior distributions paid in order to achieve a cumulative, noncompounded, annual return of 7.0% (invested capital is only reduced as described in this sentence; it is not reduced simply because a distribution constitutes a return of capital for federal income tax purposes). The 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return is not based on the return provided to any individual stockholder. Accordingly, it is not necessary for each of our stockholders to have received any minimum return in order for Pacific Oak Capital Advisors to participate in our net cash flows. In fact, if Pacific Oak Capital Advisors is entitled to participate in our net cash flows, the returns of our stockholders will differ, and some may be less than a 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return. This fee is payable only if we are not listed on an exchange.
Subordinated Incentive Listing Fee (payable only if we are listed on a national exchange)
Upon listing our common stock on a national securities exchange, the advisor is entitled to a fee equal to 15.0% of the amount by which the market value of our outstanding stock plus distributions paid by us (including distributions that may constitute a return of capital for federal income tax purposes) prior to listing exceeds the aggregate of (i) the sum of our stockholders’ net invested capital, or the amount calculated by multiplying the total number of shares purchased by stockholders by the issue price, reduced by any amounts to repurchase shares pursuant to our share redemption program, and the amount of cash flow necessary to generate a 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return on such amount and (ii) the Prior Advisor Performance Fee Value. The 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return on net invested capital is calculated on a daily basis. In making this calculation, the net invested capital is reduced to the extent distributions in excess of a cumulative, noncompounded, annual return of 7.0% are paid (from whatever source), except to the extent such distributions would be required to supplement prior distributions paid in order to achieve a cumulative, noncompounded, annual return of 7.0% (invested capital is only reduced as described in this sentence; it is not reduced simply because a distribution constitutes a return of capital for federal income tax purposes). The 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return is not based on the return provided to any individual stockholder. Accordingly, it is not necessary for each of our stockholders to have received any minimum return in order for Pacific Oak Capital Advisors to receive the listing fee. In fact, if Pacific Oak Capital Advisors is entitled to the listing fee, the returns of our stockholders will differ, and some may be less than a 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return.
Subordinated Performance Fee Due Upon Termination
Upon termination of the advisory agreement, unless terminated by us for cause, the advisor may be entitled to a termination fee if (based upon an independent appraised value of the portfolio) the advisor would have been entitled
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to a subordinated participation in net cash flows had the portfolio been liquidated on the termination date. The termination fee would be payable in the form of a promissory note that becomes due only upon the sale of one or more assets or upon maturity or payoff of our debt investments. The fee is payable solely from the proceeds from the sale, maturity or payoff of an asset and future asset sales, maturities or payoffs, and all of such proceeds must be used to repay the promissory note until it is fully repaid. The amount of the termination fee would be 15% of the amount by which the hypothetical liquidation proceeds exceed the aggregate of (i) the amount necessary to provide investors with a return of their net invested capital and a 7.0% per year cumulative, noncompounded return through the termination date and (ii) the Prior Advisor Performance Fee Value; however, the agreement does not require that the investors actually have received such return prior to issuance of the promissory note or payments under it. The amount due under the promissory note would not be adjusted upwards or downwards to reflect any difference in the appraised value of our portfolio at termination and the amount ultimately realized by us.
Insurance
On January 6, 2014, we, together with KBS Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. (“KBS REIT I”), KBS Real Estate Investment Trust II, Inc. (“KBS REIT II”), KBS Real Estate Investment Trust III, Inc. (“KBS REIT III”), KBS Legacy Partners Apartment REIT, Inc. (“KBS Legacy Partners Apartment REIT”), Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II, Inc. (“Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II”), our former dealer manager, our former advisor and other KBS-affiliated entities, entered into an errors and omissions and directors and officers liability insurance program where the lower tiers of such insurance coverage are shared. The cost of these lower tiers is allocated by our advisor and its insurance broker among each of the various entities covered by the program, and is billed directly to each entity. In June 2015, KBS Growth & Income REIT, Inc. (”KBS Growth & Income REIT”) was added to the insurance program at terms similar to those described above. At renewal in June 2018, we, along with Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II and KBS Legacy Partners Apartment REIT elected to cease participation in the program and obtain separate insurance coverage. We, together with Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II, entered into an errors and omissions and directors and officers liability insurance program where the lower tiers of such insurance coverage are shared. The cost of these lower tiers is allocated by our advisor and its insurance broker among each REIT covered by the program, and is billed directly to each REIT. The program is effective through June 30, 2020.
AIP Reimbursement Agreement
On April 16, 2012, we entered into a fee reimbursement agreement (the “AIP Reimbursement Agreement”) with our dealer manager pursuant to which we agreed to reimburse our dealer manager for certain fees and expenses it incurs for administering our participation in the DTCC Alternative Investment Product Platform with respect to certain accounts of our stockholders serviced through the platform. From January 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, we incurred and paid $28,000 of costs and expenses related to the AIP Reimbursement Agreement.
Singapore Transactions
On October 24, 2017, we (through certain subsidiaries) entered into a Portfolio Purchase and Sale Agreement and Escrow Instructions (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which we agreed to sell, subject to certain closing conditions, the Singapore Portfolio to various subsidiaries of Keppel Pacific Oak US REIT, previously known as Keppel-KBS US REIT, a newly formed Singapore real estate investment trust (the “SREIT”) that intended to list (and subsequent did list, as described below) on the Singapore Stock Exchange (the “Singapore Transaction”). The agreed purchase price of the Singapore Portfolio was $804 million. The Singapore Portfolio consisted of the following properties: 1800 West Loop, Westech 360 (part of the Austin Suburban Portfolio), Great Hills Plaza (part of the Austin Suburban Portfolio), Westmoor Center, Iron Point Business Park, the Plaza Buildings, Bellevue Technology Center, Northridge Center I and II, West Loop I and II, Powers Ferry Landing East, and Maitland Promenade II.
The SREIT is externally managed by a joint venture (the “Manager”) between (i) an entity in which Keith D. Hall, our Chief Executive Officer and a director, and Peter McMillan III, our President and Chairman of the Board of Directors, have an indirect ownership interest and (ii) Keppel Capital Holding Pte. Ltd., which is not affiliated with us or our management. As described in more detail below, the SREIT is expected to pay certain purchase and sale commissions and asset management fees to the Manager in exchange for the provision of certain management services.
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On November 2, 2017, KBS SOR Properties, LLC (“KBS SORP”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of ours, entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with respect to the initial public offering of units of the SREIT. The Underwriting Agreement was entered into with the Manager, KBS Pacific Advisors Pte. Ltd., Keppel Capital Holdings Pte. Ltd., GKP Holding LLC, Keppel Capital Investment Holdings Pte. Ltd., DBS Bank Ltd., Merrill Lynch (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., Citigroup Global Markets Singapore Pte. Ltd., and Credit Suisse (Singapore) Limited. KBS Pacific Advisors Pte. Ltd. and GKP Holding LLC are affiliated with the Manager and entities in which Keith D. Hall, our Chief Executive Officer and a director, and Peter McMillan III, our President and Chairman of the board of directors, have ownership and economic interests.
Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, the underwriters agreed to procure subscriptions, or subscribe themselves, for an aggregate of 262,772,400 units in the SREIT, at a price of $0.88 per unit (the “IPO Price”), in connection with the Singapore Transaction. Other parties agreed to subscribe for units separately, including KBS SORP, which, on October 25, 2017, entered into a subscription agreement with the Manager in which it agreed to purchase 59,713,600 units at the IPO Price (the “KBS SORP Owned Units”) in connection with the initial public offering. Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, KBS SORP granted the underwriters an over-allotment option (the “Over-Allotment Option”) in which it agreed to sell the underwriters up to 15,714,100 of the KBS SORP Owned Units at the IPO Price, for up to 30 days after the listing. Separately, KBS SORP agreed to lend the underwriters certain of its KBS SORP Owned Units for stabilizing transactions following the listing of the SREIT pursuant to a unit lending agreement entered into on November 2, 2017 with the Manager and Merrill Lynch (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Pursuant to lock-up letters from us and certain of our subsidiaries delivered to the underwriters on November 2, 2017, we and our subsidiaries agreed not to sell, pledge or transfer any of our KBS SORP Owned Units (other than pursuant to the Over-Allotment Option or lending for stabilizing transactions pursuant to the unit lending agreement described above) for six months following the initial public offering, and not to sell, pledge or transfer 50% of the KBS SORP Owned Units for 12 months following the initial public offering.
On November 8, 2017, we completed the sale of the Singapore Portfolio to the SREIT. The closing date of the initial public offering and the listing of the SREIT both occurred on November 8, 2017. The sale price of the Singapore Portfolio was $804 million, before third-party closing costs of approximately $7.7 million and excluding any disposition fees payable to our advisor. The sale price for the Singapore Portfolio was primarily determined based on real estate valuations performed by independent third-party valuation firms. The $804 million purchase price for the 11 properties in the Singapore Portfolio is slightly above the aggregate appraised values for the 11 properties used in our prior estimated value per share determined as of December 8, 2016. As of September 30, 2017, the properties in the Singapore Portfolio had a cumulative carrying value of $546.5 million. We avoided significant third-party closing costs by selling the Singapore Portfolio to the SREIT in connection with its initial public offering on the Singapore Stock Exchange compared to selling the properties, whether individually or as a portfolio, in a typical sales transaction, which represents significant savings to us for a disposition of this size. In connection with the Singapore Transaction, we repaid $401.7 million of outstanding debt secured by the properties in the Singapore Portfolio. We used approximately $52.5 million of the proceeds to acquire units in the SREIT representing a 9.5% ownership interest.
The underwriters exercised the Over-Allotment Option in full, and on December 15, 2017, purchased 15,714,100 of the KBS SORP Owned Units from us at the IPO Price. As a result of the Over-Allotment Option, we owned 43,999,500 units of the SREIT, representing a 7.0% ownership interest.
On November 30, 2018, we sold a portfolio of 21 office/flex/industrial buildings containing a total of 778,472 rentable square feet located on approximately 41 acres of land in Redmond, Washington (the “Westpark Portfolio”) to the SREIT. The sale price, net of closing credits, of the Westpark Portfolio was $166.4 million, before third-party closing costs of approximately $3.2 million and excluding any disposition fees payable to KBS Capital Advisors. On November 26, 2018, the SREIT issued an aggregate of 186,236,224 common units of the SREIT as a result of their renounceable and underwritten rights issue. We purchased 12,979,852 common units of the SREIT for $6.5 million in connection with this offering, maintaining our 7% ownership interest.
On November 1, 2019, we sold an office property consisting of two buildings containing a total of 445,317 rentable square feet in Irving, Texas (“125 John Carpenter”) to the SREIT. The sale price, net of closing credits, of 125 John Carpenter was $99.8 million, before third-party closing costs of approximately $0.2 million and excluding any disposition fees payable to Pacific Oak Capital Advisors. Prior to the sale of 125 John Carpenter, we
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owned 56,979,352 common units of the SREIT, representing a 6.89% ownership interest. On October 29, 2019, we purchased 7,186,000 common units of the SREIT for $5.2 million in connection with a private placement to institutional and other investors, maintaining its 6.89% ownership interest.
The interests of Messrs. Hall and McMillan in the SREIT are described below. Messrs. Hall and McMillan collectively own two-thirds of KBS Pacific Advisors, LLC, which owns 50% of the Manager. The other 50% ownership stake in the Manager was acquired by Keppel Capital Holding Pte. Ltd. for $27.5 million, which amount was distributed in its entirety to KBS Pacific Advisors, LLC. The Manager will receive the following fees from the SREIT:
• | Management Fee – The Manager’s management fee comprises a base fee and a performance fee, which make up a substantial portion of the Manager’s total remuneration for the provision of on-going management services to the SREIT. The base fee equals 10% per year of the SREIT “annual distributable income,” which is calculated before accounting for the base fee and the performance fee. The performance fee is generally equal to 25% of the growth in the SREIT’s distributions per unit of common equity from one year to the next (calculated after accounting for the base fee but before accounting for the performance fee). From January 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, the SREIT incurred $7.6 million related to the management fee. |
• | Acquisition Fee and Divestment Fee – The Manager will also receive an acquisition fee and a divestment fee from the SREIT. The acquisition fee will generally equal 1% of purchase price of the assets acquired by the SREIT and the divestment fee will generally equal 0.5% of the sale price of the assets disposed of by the SREIT. From January 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, the SREIT incurred $2.2 million related to the acquisition fee and did not incur a divestment fee. |
Battery Point Restructuring
On October 28, 2016, we, through an indirect wholly owned subsidiary, agreed to invest up to $25,000,000 in Battery Point Trust, LLC (“Battery Point LLC”) through the purchase of Series B Preferred Equity Units (the “Series B Preferred Units”). On May 12, 2017, we and Battery Point LLC agreed to limit our investment to $17,500,000 worth of Series B Preferred Units. We invested the full $17,500,000 in stages. During 2018, $4,500,000 was repaid to us. On June 29, 2018, Battery Point LLC was converted into Battery Point Trust, Inc. (“Battery Point”) and our Series B Preferred Units were converted into Series B Preferred Shares (the “Series B Preferred Shares”). The Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to the same rights and protections as were the Series B Preferred Units. The Series B Preferred Shares pay a quarterly dividend of 12% and had an outside maturity date of October 28, 2019.
On March 20, 2019, we, through an indirect wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a redemption agreement for the Battery Point Series B Preferred Units. The redemption agreement resulted in the redemption of 13,000 Series B Preferred Units with a per-unit price of $1,000. We received $8.6 million, of which $0.9 million relates to accrued interest and an exit fee. In addition, we received 210,000 Battery Point Series A-3 Preferred Units with a per-unit price of $25.
On March 20, 2019, Pacific Oak Battery Point Holdings, LLC, a real estate asset management company formed in 2019, and its family of companies (collectively, “Pacific Oak”), acquired all the common equity interests in BPT Holdings, LLC (“Battery Point Holdings”). Battery Point Holdings owns (a) the common stock in Battery Point, (b) all the service entities that provide advisory, servicing and property management services to Battery Point Holdings generally named “DayMark”, and (c) 40% of additional DayMark entities that purchase, renovate, lease and sell single-family residential homes to Battery Point. As owner of Battery Point Holdings, Pacific Oak will be responsible for funding the ongoing operations of Battery Point Holdings and its subsidiaries. The affiliated DayMark service entities will be paid annual asset management fees equal to 1.5% of the gross asset value of Battery Point, annual property management fees equal to 8% of tenants’ rents received by Battery Point, and acquisition fees of 1% of the gross purchase price of properties acquired. The affiliated DayMark service entities will also receive fees from tenants upon execution of leases and a 1% commission from sellers of properties into the program, if it acts as the broker for the seller. Pacific Oak is a group of companies founded and owned by Keith D. Hall, our Chief Executive Officer and a director, and Peter McMillan III, our President and Chairman of the Board of Directors. As of September 30, 2019, we had 210,000 Battery Point Series A-3 Preferred Units with a per-unit price of $25.
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Pacific Oak Opportunity Zone Fund I
On June 27, 2019, we made a $5.0 million investment in the Pacific Oak Opportunity Zone Fund I, LLC. Pacific Oak Opportunity Zone Fund I is sponsored by Pacific Oak Holding. Pacific Oak Capital Advisors is entitled to certain fees in connection with the fund. The fund will pay an acquisition fee equal to 1.5% of the purchase price of each asset (including any debt incurred or assumed and significant capital improvement costs budgeted as of the date of acquisition) with a purchase price less than or equal to $25.0 million plus 1.0% of the purchase price in excess of $25.0 million; a quarterly asset management fee equal to 0.25% of the total purchase price of all assets (including any debt incurred or assumed and significant capital improvement costs budgeted as of the date of acquisition) as of the end of the applicable quarter; and a financing fee equal to 0.5% of the original principal amount of any indebtedness they incur (reduced by any financing fee previously paid with respect to indebtedness being refinanced). In the case of investments made through joint ventures, the fees above will be determined based on our proportionate share of the investment. Pacific Oak is also entitled to certain distributions paid by the Pacific Oak Opportunity Zone Fund I after the Class A Members have received their preferred return. These fees and distributions have been waived for our $5.0 million investment.
On October 23, 2019, we made an additional $2.0 million investment in Pacific Oak Opportunity Zone Fund I.
Currently Proposed Transactions
Our board of directors and management team believe significant opportunities currently exist and have been monitoring the real estate and equity markets closely in order to find the best opportunities possible to maximize the return to our stockholders and provide additional liquidity for our stockholders. We currently believe the best opportunity for us to achieve these objectives is to pursue a strategy as a non-listed, perpetual-life company that (a) calculates the net asset value or “NAV” per share on a regular basis that is more frequent that annually (i.e., daily, monthly or quarterly), (b) offers and sells new shares of our common stock continuously through a number of distribution channels in ongoing public offerings, and (c) seeks to provide increased liquidity to current and future stockholders through an expansion of our current share redemption program and/or periodic self-tender offers. We refer to a REIT that operates in this manner as an “NAV REIT” and we refer to our proposed conversion to this mode of operation as the “Proposed NAV REIT Conversion.” While the terms of our Proposed NAV REIT Conversion are still under consideration, we would expect to conduct ongoing primary public offerings of our shares on a continuous basis through an affiliated dealer manager owned by Pacific Oak Holding, Pacific Oak Capital Markets Group LLC. Such offerings would likely include new classes of common stock, which would allow us to offer different classes of common stock with different combinations of upfront and ongoing commissions and other fees payable to our dealer manager and participating broker-dealers. We believe that having a number of different share classes with different distribution compensation structures will improve our ability to sell shares and raise capital in the current market. We would also expect to revise the advisory fees we pay to Pacific Oak Capital Advisors, including a change to an annual performance fee.
Nomination of Directors
General
We do not have a standing nominating committee. Unless otherwise provided by Maryland law, the board of directors is responsible for selecting its own nominees and recommending them for election by our stockholders, provided that the conflicts committee is responsible for identifying and nominating replacements for vacancies among our independent director positions. Unless filled by a vote of our stockholders as permitted by the Maryland General Corporation Law, a vacancy that results from the removal of a director will be filled by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors. Any vacancy on the board of directors for any other cause will be filled by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors, even if such majority vote is less than a quorum. The board of directors believes that the primary reason for creating a standing nominating committee is to ensure that candidates for independent director positions can be evaluated under a process free from conflicts of interest with us. Because nominations for vacancies in independent director positions are handled by a committee composed only of independent directors, the board of directors has determined that the creation of a standing nominating committee is not necessary. We do not have a charter that governs the director nomination process.
Board Membership Criteria
With respect to filling vacancies for independent director positions, the conflicts committee reviews the appropriate experience, skills and characteristics required of directors in the context of the then-current membership
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of the board of directors. The full board of directors annually conducts a similar review with respect to all director nominations. This assessment includes, in the context of the perceived needs of the board of directors at that time, issues of knowledge, experience, judgment and skills, such as an understanding of the real estate and real estate finance industries or accounting or financial management expertise. The board of directors seeks to nominate directors with diverse backgrounds, experiences and skill sets that complement each other so as to maximize the collective knowledge, experience, judgment and skills of the entire board of directors. The board of directors assesses its effectiveness in achieving this goal annually, in part, by reviewing the diversity of the skill sets of the directors and determining whether there are any deficiencies in the board of directors’ collective skill set that should be addressed in the nominating process. The board of directors made such an assessment in connection with director nominations for the annual meeting and determined that the composition of the current board of directors satisfies its diversity objectives.
Other considerations in director nominations include the candidate’s independence from conflict with us and the ability of the candidate to attend board meetings regularly and to devote an appropriate amount of time in preparation for those meetings. It also is expected that independent directors nominated by the conflicts committee will be individuals who possess a reputation and hold positions or affiliations befitting a director of a large publicly held company and who are actively engaged in their occupations or professions or are otherwise regularly involved in the business, professional or academic community. Moreover, as required by our charter, at least one of our independent directors must have at least three years of relevant real estate experience, and each director who is not an independent director must have at least three years of relevant experience demonstrating the knowledge and experience required to successfully acquire, manage and dispose of the types of assets we acquire and manage.
Selection of Directors
Unless otherwise provided by Maryland law, the board of directors is responsible for selecting its own nominees and recommending them for election by our stockholders, provided that the conflicts committee must nominate replacements for any vacancies among the independent director positions. All director nominees stand for election by our stockholders annually.
In nominating candidates for the board of directors, the board of directors (or the conflicts committee, as appropriate) solicits candidate recommendations from its own members and management of Pacific Oak Capital Advisors. The board of directors and the conflicts committee may also engage the services of a search firm to assist in identifying potential director nominees.
The board of directors and the conflicts committee will consider recommendations made by stockholders for director nominees who meet the established director criteria set forth above. In order to be considered for nomination, recommendations made by stockholders must be submitted within the timeframe required to request a proposal to be included in the proxy materials. See “Stockholder Proposals” below. In evaluating the persons recommended as potential directors, the board of directors (or the conflicts committee, as appropriate) will consider each candidate without regard to the source of the recommendation and take into account those factors that they determine are relevant. Stockholders may directly nominate potential directors (without the recommendation of the board of directors or conflicts committee) by satisfying the procedural requirements for such nomination as provided in Article II, Section 2.12 of our bylaws. Any stockholder may request a copy of our bylaws free of charge by calling (866) 584-1381 and selecting “Option 2”.
Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors
We have established a procedure for stockholders to communicate comments and concerns to the board of directors. Stockholders may contact the board of directors at the following address:
Board of Directors of Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT, Inc.
11150 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 400
Los Angeles, California 90025
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Stockholders should report any complaints or concerns regarding (1) suspected violations or concerns as to compliance with laws, regulations, our Code of Conduct and Ethics or other suspected wrongdoings affecting us or our properties or assets, or (2) any complaints or concerns regarding our accounting, internal accounting controls, auditing matters, or any concerns regarding any questionable accounting or auditing matters affecting us. Stockholders should report any suspected violations or other complaints or concerns by any of the following means:
• | By mailing a description of the suspected violation or concern to: |
Audit Committee Chair
c/o Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT, Inc.
11150 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 400
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Stockholders can also communicate directly with the Chairman of the Board at the annual meeting. Although we do not have a policy regarding the attendance of directors at annual meetings of stockholders, we expect that the Chairman of the Board will be present at all such meetings. All of the directors were present at the 2018 annual meeting of stockholders.
Executive Officers and Directors
We have provided below certain information about our executive officers and directors. All of our directors have terms expiring on the date of the 2019 annual meeting of stockholders and are being nominated for re-election to serve until the 2020 annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor is elected and qualified.
Name(1)
|
Position(s)
|
Age(2)
|
Year First Became
a Director |
Keith D. Hall
|
Chief Executive Officer and Director
|
61
|
2008
|
Peter McMillan III
|
Chairman of the Board, President and Director
|
62
|
2008
|
Michael A. Bender
|
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasury and Secretary
|
60
|
N/A
|
William M. Petak
|
Independent Director
|
58
|
2009
|
Eric J. Smith
|
Independent Director
|
62
|
2009
|
Kenneth G. Yee
|
Independent Director
|
60
|
2017
|
(1) | The address of each named executive officer and director is 11150 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 400, Los Angeles, California 90025. |
(2) | As of November 1, 2019. |
Keith D. Hall is our Chief Executive Officer and one of our directors, positions he has held since December 2008 and October 2008, respectively. He is also the Chief Executive Officer and a director of Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II, positions he has held since February 2013. He is a former Executive Vice President of KBS REIT II, KBS REIT III and KBS Growth & Income REIT. Mr. Hall was Executive Vice President of KBS Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc (“KBS REIT I”) from June 2005 until its liquidation in December 2018. Mr. Hall owns and controls a 50% interest in Pacific Oak Holding, which is the sole owner of our current advisor. Mr. Hall also owns and controls a 50% interest in GKP Holding LLC. GKP Holding owns a 33 1/3% interest in KBS Holdings LLC, which is the sole owner of our former advisor (KBS Capital Advisors) and our former dealer manager (KBS Capital Markets Group). KBS Holdings is a sponsor of our company, and is or was a sponsor of KBS REIT I, KBS REIT II, KBS REIT III, KBS Legacy Partners Apartment REIT, Inc. (“KBS Legacy Partners Apartment REIT”), Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II and KBS Growth & Income REIT, which were formed in 2008, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2009, 2013 and 2015, respectively. Mr. Hall is also a member of the investment committee formed by our advisor to evaluate and recommend new investment opportunities for us.
Mr. Hall is affiliated with Willowbrook Capital Group, LLC, an asset management company. Mr. Hall is also a founder of Pacific Oaks Capital Group, a real estate asset management company formed in 2018, and its family of companies. Prior to commencing his affiliation with Willowbrook in 2000, Mr. Hall was a Managing Director at CS First Boston, where he managed the distribution strategy and business development for the Principal Transaction Group’s $18.0 billion real estate securities portfolio. Mr. Hall’s two primary business unit responsibilities were Mezzanine Lending and Commercial Real Estate Development. Before joining CS First Boston in 1996, he served as a Director in the Real Estate Products Group at Nomura Securities, with responsibility for the company’s
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$6.0 billion annual pipeline of fixed-income, commercial mortgage-backed securities. During the 1980s, Mr. Hall was a Senior Vice President in the High Yield Department of Drexel Burnham Lambert’s Beverly Hills office, where he was responsible for distribution of the group’s high-yield real estate securities. Mr. Hall received a Bachelor of Arts Degree with honors in Finance from California State University, Sacramento.
Our board of directors has concluded that Mr. Hall is qualified to serve as one of our directors for reasons including his expertise in the real estate finance markets and his expertise with real estate-related investments. With over 30 years of experience investing in and managing real estate-related investments, Mr. Hall has the depth and breadth of experience to implement our business strategy. As an executive officer and principal of our advisor, Mr. Hall is able to direct the board of directors to the critical issues facing our company.
Peter McMillan III is our President, the Chairman of the Board and one of our directors, positions he has held since December 2008. He is also President, Chairman of the Board and a director of Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II, positions he has held since February 2013. Mr. McMillan has previously served as an Executive Vice President, the Treasurer and Secretary and a director of KBS Growth & Income REIT and KBS REIT III. From June 2005 until its liquidation in December 2018, Mr. McMillan was Executive Vice President, Treasurer, Secretary and a director of KBS REIT I. From August 2007 through August 2018 he served as Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary of KBS REIT II and from August 2007 through February 2019 he was also a director of KBS REIT II. From August 2009 until its liquidation in December 2018, Mr. McMillan was Executive Vice President of KBS Legacy Partners Apartment REIT. Mr. McMillan owns and controls a 50% interest in Pacific Oak Holding, which is the sole owner of our current advisor. Mr. McMillan also owns and controls a 50% interest in GKP Holding LLC. GKP Holding owns a 33 1/3% interest in KBS Holdings LLC, which is the sole owner of our former advisor (KBS Capital Advisors) and our former dealer manager (KBS Capital Markets Group). KBS Holdings is a sponsor of our company, and is or was a sponsor of KBS REIT I, KBS REIT II, KBS REIT III, Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II, KBS Legacy Partners Apartment REIT and KBS Growth & Income REIT, which were formed in 2008, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2009, 2013 and 2015, respectively. Mr. McMillan is also a member of the investment committee formed by our advisor to evaluate and authorize new investment opportunities for us.
Mr. McMillan is a Partner and co-owner of Temescal Canyon Partners LP, an investment advisor formed in 2013 to manage a multi-strategy hedge fund on behalf of investors. Mr. McMillan is also a founder of Pacific Oaks Capital Group, a real estate asset management company formed in 2018, and its family of companies. Mr. McMillan is also a co-founder and the Managing Partner of Willowbrook Capital Group, LLC, an asset management company. In addition, since November 2017, Mr. McMillan has served as Chairman and a director for Keppel Pacific Oak-US REIT Management Pte. Ltd., which is the Manager of Keppel Pacific Oak US REIT. Prior to forming Willowbrook in 2000, Mr. McMillan served as an Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer of SunAmerica Investments, Inc., which was later acquired by AIG. As Chief Investment Officer, he was responsible for over $75.0 billion in assets, including residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, public and private investment grade and non-investment grade corporate bonds and commercial mortgage loans and real estate investments. Before joining SunAmerica in 1989, he served as Assistant Vice President for Aetna Life Insurance and Annuity Company with responsibility for the company’s $6.0 billion fixed income portfolios. Mr. McMillan received his Master of Business Administration in Finance from the Wharton Graduate School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania and his Bachelor of Arts Degree with honors in Economics from Clark University. Mr. McMillan is a member of the board of directors of TCW Funds, Inc. and TCW Strategic Income Fund, Inc., and is a member of the board of trustees of Metropolitan West Funds.
Our board of directors has concluded that Mr. McMillan is qualified to serve as one of our directors and the Chairman of the Board for reasons including his expertise in real estate finance and with real estate-related investments. With over 30 years of experience investing in and managing real estate-related debt investments, Mr. McMillan offers insights and perspective with respect to our real estate-related investment portfolio as well as our real estate portfolio. As one of our executive officers and a principal of our advisor, Mr. McMillan is also able to direct our board of directors to the critical issues facing our company. Further, his experiences as a director of Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II, TCW Mutual Funds, and Metropolitan West Funds and as a former director of KBS REIT I, KBS REIT II, KBS REIT III, KBS Growth & Income REIT, TCW Alternative Funds and Steinway Musical Instruments, Inc. provide him with an understanding of the requirements of serving on a public company board and qualify him to serve as the chairman of our board of directors.
Michael A. Bender has served as our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasury and Secretary since November 2019. Mr. Bender has also served in the same roles for Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity
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REIT II since November 2019. Mr. Bender has served as Chief Financial Officer of Pacific Oak Capital Advisors since July 2019. Prior to joining our advisor in 2019, Mr. Bender was self-employed as a private consultant primarily engaged in commercial real estate finance from January 2017 to July 2019. From January 2016 to January 2017, Mr. Bender served as Chief Financial Officer for Kamal Osman Janjoom Group LLC, a Dubai-based retail company focused in the Middle East, where he was responsible for all aspects of accounting, reporting, control, corporate finance and treasury. From October 2007 to January 2016, Mr. Bender was Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer for Spirit Realty Capital, Inc., a NYSE-traded commercial property REIT. During his eight years at Spirit Realty Capital, Mr. Bender was in charge of accounting, reporting, control, corporate finance and treasury.
Before joining Spirit Realty Capital, Inc. in 2007, Mr. Bender held positions including Assistant Corporate Controller for Allied Waste, Inc., Vice President of Global External Reporting for American Express Corporation, Chief Financial Officer for FINOVA Realty Capital and senior manager for Deloitte & Touche, LLP. Mr. Bender earned a Bachelor of Science Degree in Accounting and a Master of Business Administration from Arizona State University. He is a Certified Public Accountant.
William M. Petak is one of our independent directors, a position he has held since October 2009. He previously served as an independent director and chair of the conflicts committee of Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II from April 2014 through August 2017. Since April 2009, Mr. Petak has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of CorAmerica Capital, LLC, a commercial real estate loan investment manager. CorAmerica Capital was established to acquire discounted performing mortgage and real estate-related assets as well as originate new real estate investments. Mr. Petak has over 30 years of experience in the real estate industry and 20 years of experience investing in real estate-related debt investments. From January 2005 to April 2009, Mr. Petak served as Senior Vice President and Director for AIG Mortgage Capital, LLC, a subsidiary of American International Group, Inc. (AIG). Mr. Petak also served as National Head of Mortgage Lending and Real Estate for the retirement services company, SunAmerica, Inc., from January 1999 to August 2001, and served as Managing Director for AIG Investments, Inc. as well as National Head of Mortgage Lending and Real Estate for both SunAmerica and the life insurance company American General from August 2001 to April 2009.
Both SunAmerica and American General were acquired by AIG in 1999 and 2001, respectively, and were managed on a mutually exclusive basis. Mr. Petak joined AIG with the merger of SunAmerica with AIG in 1999. Ultimately, Mr. Petak was responsible for AIG Mortgage Capital’s regulated insurance portfolios’ fixed income real estate investments nationwide. He served on both the Securitized Products Group Committee and Global Asset Allocation Committee for the regulated insurance companies of AIG.
Prior to joining AIG in 1999, Mr. Petak was SunAmerica Investments’ Senior Vice President. Mr. Petak was responsible for SunAmerica’s national mortgage lending and real estate investments as well as its leveraged lease real estate acquisitions. From 1996 to 2007, Mr. Petak served as a Loan Committee member and as a member of the board of directors for GreenPark Financial, one of the nation’s largest Fannie Mae DUS lenders. From 1983 to 1989, he worked with Pacific Financial Group, a privately held Beverly Hills real estate investment company, as Vice President of Acquisitions.
Mr. Petak is a graduate of the University of Southern California with a Bachelor of Science in Finance and Business Economics. He is a member of the Mortgage Bankers Association, the Commercial Mortgage Securities Association, the CRE Financial Council, Life Mortgage and Real Estate Officer Council and the President’s Council of the Real Estate Roundtable. Mr. Petak is a founding member of the Richard S. Ziman Center for Real Estate at the UCLA Anderson School of Management. He currently is Chairman Emeritus of the Center and previously served as its Chairman.
The board of directors has concluded that Mr. Petak is qualified to serve as one of our independent directors for reasons including his expertise in the real estate finance markets. With over 30 years of experience in the real estate industry and over 20 years of experience investing in real estate-related debt, Mr. Petak offers insights and perspective with respect to our investment portfolio. Further, as a former director and former chair of the conflicts committee of Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II and as a member of the Mortgage Bankers Association, the Commercial Mortgage Securities Association, the CRE Financial Council, the Life Mortgage and Real Estate Officer Council, the President’s Council of the Real Estate Roundtable and a founding member, current Chairman Emeritus and past Chairman of the Richard S. Ziman Center for Real Estate at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, Mr. Petak is regularly and actively engaged in both the professional and academic community.
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Eric J. Smith is one of our independent directors and is the chairman of the conflicts committee, positions he has held since October 2009. Mr. Smith has over 30 years of experience in the real estate finance industry. From October 2018 to March 2019, Mr. Smith served as the Director of Financial Institutions U.S. Capital Markets for Funding Circle, a firm that is the leading small business loans platform globally. From January 2014 through December 2017, Mr. Smith served as Managing Director for Situs Group, LLC, a firm that provides commercial real estate advisory services and solutions. From March 2012 to January 2013, Mr. Smith served as Managing Director-Sales for Loan Value Group, a firm that works with holders of residential mortgage risk to reduce their exposure to borrower strategic default. From 1985 to 2009, Mr. Smith was employed by the Credit Suisse Group and its predecessor firms. From September 2004 to February 2009, he was the Managing Director, Fixed Income Sales for the Securitized Products unit. From 2002 to September 2004, he was Managing Director and San Francisco Branch Manager, Fixed Income Sales. From 1998 to 2002, he was Director, Fixed Income Sales. From 1985 to 1998, he was Vice President, Fixed Income Sales. While at Credit Suisse and its predecessor firms, he was responsible for the acquisition and disposition of residential and commercial whole loans, public and private investment grade and non-investment grade residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities and CDOs. He also executed trades in U.S. government securities, asset-backed securities, corporate bonds and repurchase lending. Prior to working for Credit Suisse and its predecessor firms, Mr. Smith was with Farmer’s Savings as a regional director for real estate mortgage acquisitions and with Wells Fargo Mortgage as a Vice President in their Secondary Mortgage Division. Mr. Smith received a Bachelor of Science in Finance from California State University Sacramento. Mr. Smith holds FINRA Series 7 and 63 licenses.
Our board of directors has concluded that Mr. Smith is qualified to serve as one of our independent directors and the chairman of the conflicts committee for reasons including his expertise in the real estate finance markets. Mr. Smith has experience with a broad range of debt-related investments, including residential and commercial whole loans, public and private investment grade and non-investment grade residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, U.S. government securities, asset-backed securities and repurchase lending. With over 30 years of experience in the real estate finance industry, Mr. Smith’s knowledge and expertise of the real estate finance market complement that of the other board members.
Kenneth G. Yee is one of our independent directors and is the Chairman of the Audit Committee, positions he has held since April 2017 and May 2017, respectively. He is also an independent director and Chairman of the Audit Committee of Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT II, positions he has held since April 2017 and May 2017, respectively. Since 2000, Mr. Yee has been the President and Chief Executive Officer of Ridgecrest Capital, Inc., a real estate financial advisory services and structured finance firm. Mr. Yee previously served in the same positions for Ridgecrest Capital, Inc. from 1992 to 1997. From 2007 to June 2011, Mr. Yee was also the managing director of Cappello Capital Corp., where he was responsible for sourcing, evaluating, structuring and placing transactions relating to domestic and international real estate equity and debt, and small and middle market corporate capital raising and mergers and acquisitions. Mr. Yee served as Senior Vice President of Acquisitions for Imperial Credit Commercial Mortgage Investment Corp from 1998 to 1999. From 1990 to 1991, Mr. Yee served as Vice President and Controller for Secured Capital Corp. (now known as Eastdil Secured LLC, a division of Wells Fargo), a real estate advisory and investment banking firm. Prior to that, he was a Vice President at Drexel Burnham Lambert from 1987 to 1990. From 1986 to 1987, Mr. Yee was an associate consultant for Kenneth Leventhal & Company, a real estate consulting and public accounting firm. Mr. Yee was a financial analyst with Deseret Pacific Mortgage from 1985 to 1986 and he was a senior accountant with Ernst & Whinney, a public accounting firm, from 1982 to 1985.
Mr. Yee received Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, Master of Business Administration and Master of Business Taxation degrees from the University of Southern California. He also received a Master of Science in Real Estate Development degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Juris Doctor degree from the University of California, Los Angeles. Mr. Yee is a Chartered Financial Analyst, a Certified Public Accountant, a licensed attorney and a licensed real estate broker.
Our board of directors has concluded that Mr. Yee is qualified to serve as one of our independent directors for reasons including his expertise with respect to real estate equity and debt transactions and accounting matters. With almost 25 years of experience with real estate equity and debt transactions, Mr. Yee is well-positioned to advise the board with respect to potential investment opportunities and investment management. In addition, with over 30 years of experience as a Certified Public Accountant, Mr. Yee provides our board of directors with substantial expertise regarding real estate accounting and financial reporting matters.
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Compensation of Executive Officers
Our executive officers do not receive compensation directly from us for services rendered to us. Our executive officers are officers and/or employees of, or hold an indirect ownership interest in, our advisor, and/or its affiliates, and our executive officers are compensated by these entities, in part, for their services to us. See “– Report of Conflicts Committee – Certain Transactions with Related Persons” for a discussion of the fees paid to our advisor and its affiliates.
Compensation of Directors
If a director is also one of our executive officers, we do not pay any compensation to that person for services rendered as a director. The amount and form of compensation payable to our independent directors for their service to us is determined by the conflicts committee, based upon recommendations from our advisor. Two of our executive officers, Messrs. Hall and McMillan, manage and control our advisor, and through our advisor, they are involved in recommending and setting the compensation to be paid to our independent directors.
We have provided below certain information regarding compensation earned by or paid to our directors during fiscal year 2018.
Name |
Fees Earned or Paid in Cash in 2018(1) |
All Other Compensation |
Total |
||||||
William M. Petak |
$ | 120,833 | $ | — | $ | 120,833 | |||
Eric J. Smith |
127,333 | — | 127,333 | ||||||
Kenneth G. Yee |
113,333 | — | 113,333 | ||||||
Keith D. Hall(2) |
— | — | — | ||||||
Peter McMillan III(2) |
— | — | — |
(1) | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash in 2018 include meeting fees earned in: (i) 2017 but paid in 2018 as follows: Mr. Petak $5,333, Mr. Smith $5,333 and Mr. Yee $5,333; and (ii) 2018 and paid or to be paid in 2019 as follows: Mr. Petak $3,333, Mr. Smith $3,333 and Mr. Yee $3,333. |
(2) | Directors who are also our executive officers do not receive compensation for services rendered as a director. |
Cash Compensation
We compensate each of our independent directors with an annual retainer of $40,000. In addition, we pay our independent directors for attending board and audit and conflicts committee meetings as follows:
• | $2,500 for each board meeting attended; |
• | $2,500 for each audit, conflicts and special committee meeting attended (except that the committee chairman is paid $3,000 for each audit and conflicts committee meeting attended); |
• | $2,000 for each teleconference board meeting attended; and |
• | $2,000 for each teleconference audit, conflicts and special committee meeting attended (except that the committee chairman is paid $3,000 for each teleconference audit and conflicts committee meeting attended). |
All directors receive reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings of the board of directors and committee meetings.
From time to time our board of directors may create other committees with additional and different compensation.
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STOCK OWNERSHIP
The following table shows, as of November 1, 2019 the amount of our common stock beneficially owned (unless otherwise indicated) by (1) any person who is known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, (2) our directors, (3) our executive officers, and (4) all of our directors and executive officers as a group.
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1) |
Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership(2) |
Percent of all Shares |
||||
KBS Capital Advisors LLC |
30,746 | (3) |
* |
|||
Keith D. Hall, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
542,673 | (3)(4) |
* |
|||
Peter McMillan III, Chairman of the Board, President and Director |
542,673 | (3)(4) |
* |
|||
Michael A. Bender, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary |
— | — | ||||
William M. Petak, Independent Director |
— | — | ||||
Eric J. Smith, Independent Director |
— | — | ||||
Kenneth G. Yee, Independent Director |
— | — | ||||
All directors and executive officers as a group |
542,673 | (3)(4) |
* |
* | Less than 1% of the outstanding common stock. |
(1) | The address of each named beneficial owner is c/o Pacific Oak Strategic Opportunity REIT, Inc., 11150 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 400, Los Angeles, California 90025. |
(2) | None of the shares is pledged as security. |
(3) | Includes 30,746 shares owned by KBS Capital Advisors, which is indirectly owned and controlled by Keith D. Hall, Peter McMillan III and Charles J. Schreiber, Jr. |
(4) | Includes 511,927 shares owned by Willowbrook Capital Group LLC, which is directly owned and controlled by Peter McMillan III and Keith D. Hall. |
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Under U.S. securities laws, directors, executive officers, and any persons beneficially owning more than 10% of our common stock are required to report their initial ownership of the common stock and most changes in that ownership to the SEC. The SEC has designated specific due dates for these reports, and we are required to identify in this proxy statement those persons who did not file these reports when due. Based solely on our review of copies of the reports filed with the SEC and written representations of our directors and executive officers, we believe all persons subject to the Section 16 reporting requirements filed the reports on a timely basis in 2018.
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PROPOSAL 1. ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
At the annual meeting, you and the other stockholders will vote on the election of all five members of the board of directors. Those persons elected will serve as directors until the 2020 annual meeting and until their successors are duly elected and qualified. The board of directors has nominated the following people for re-election as directors:
•
|
Keith D. Hall
|
•
|
Peter McMillan III
|
•
|
William M. Petak
|
•
|
Eric J. Smith
|
•
|
Kenneth G. Yee
|
|
|
Each of the nominees for director is a current director. Detailed information on each nominee is provided under “Certain Information About Management – Executive Officers and Directors.”
Vote Required
Under our charter, a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present is required for the election of the directors. This means that, of the shares present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting, a director nominee needs to receive affirmative votes from a majority of such shares in order to be elected to the board of directors. Because of this majority vote requirement, “withhold” votes and broker non-votes will have the effect of a vote against each nominee for director. If an incumbent director nominee fails to receive the required number of votes for re-election, then under Maryland law, he or she will continue to serve as a “holdover” director until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified.
The appointed proxies will vote your shares of common stock as you instruct. If you submit a proxy card with no further instructions, the appointed proxies will vote your shares FOR all of the director nominees listed above. If any nominee becomes unable or unwilling to stand for re-election, the board of directors may reduce its size or designate a substitute. If a substitute is designated, proxies voting on the original nominee will be cast for the substituted nominee.
Whether you plan to participate in the annual meeting and vote via webcast or not, we urge you to have your vote recorded. Stockholders have the following three options for submitting their votes by proxy: (1) via the Internet, (2) by telephone or (3) by mail, using the enclosed proxy card. YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT! Your immediate response will help avoid potential delays and may save us significant additional expenses associated with soliciting stockholder votes.
Recommendation
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” ALL NOMINEES LISTED FOR RE-ELECTION AS DIRECTORS.
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PROPOSAL 2. RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
At the annual meeting, you and the other stockholders will vote on the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019.
The audit committee has appointed Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019.
During the year ended December 31, 2018, Ernst & Young LLP served as our independent registered public accounting firm and provided certain tax and other services. Ernst & Young LLP has served as our independent registered public accounting firm since our formation. The audit committee has appointed Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. The audit committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the work of the independent registered public accounting firm. In making its determination regarding whether to appoint or retain a particular independent registered public accounting firm, the audit committee takes into account the opinions of management and our internal auditors in assessing the independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications, performance and independence.
Although not required by law or our governance documents, we believe ratification of this appointment is good corporate practice because the audit of our books and records is a matter of importance to our stockholders. Even if the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP is ratified, the audit committee may, however, select a new independent registered public accounting firm at any time in the future in its discretion if it deems such decision to be in our best interest. Any such decision would be disclosed to our stockholders in accordance with applicable securities laws. If the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP is not ratified by our stockholders, the audit committee may consider whether it should appoint another independent registered public accounting firm.
Vote Required
Under our bylaws, a majority of the votes cast at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present is required for the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019. Abstentions will not count as votes actually cast with respect to determining if a majority vote is obtained under our bylaws and will have no effect on the determination of this proposal.
The appointed proxies will vote your shares of common stock as you instruct. If you submit a proxy card with no further instructions, the appointed proxies will vote your shares FOR the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019.
Whether you plan to participate in the annual meeting and vote via webcast or not, we urge you to have your vote recorded. Stockholders have the following three options for submitting their votes by proxy: (1) via the Internet, (2) by telephone or (3) by mail, using the enclosed proxy card. YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT! Your immediate response will help avoid potential delays and may save us significant additional expenses associated with soliciting stockholder votes.
Recommendation
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE RATIFICATION OF THE APPOINTMENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP AS OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2019.
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STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS
Any proposals by stockholders for inclusion in proxy solicitation material for the 2020 annual meeting of stockholders must be received by our secretary, Michael A. Bender, at our executive offices no later than July 25, 2020. However, if we hold the annual meeting before January 19, 2021 or after March 20, 2021, stockholders must submit proposals for inclusion in our 2020 proxy statement within a reasonable time before we begin to print our proxy materials. The mailing address of our executive offices is 11150 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 400, Los Angeles, California 90025. If a stockholder wishes to present a proposal at the 2020 annual meeting, whether or not the proposal is intended to be included in the 2020 proxy materials, our bylaws require that the stockholder give advance written notice to our secretary by August 24, 2020.
OTHER MATTERS
As of the date of this proxy statement, we know of no business that will be presented for consideration at the annual meeting other than the items referred to above. If any other matter is properly brought before the annual meeting for action by stockholders, proxies in the enclosed form returned to us will be voted in accordance with the recommendation of the board of directors or, in the absence of such a recommendation, in accordance with the discretion of the proxy holder.
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